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| Titre : | The Spiritual Interpretation of History |
| Auteurs : | Shailer Mathews |
| Type de document : | texte imprimé |
| Mention d'édition : | 3e ed. |
| Editeur : | Cambridge [USA] : Harvard University Press, 1919 |
| Collection : | William Belden Noble Lectures |
| Format : | 227 p. / index |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Note de contenu : |
LECTURE I : THE LIMITS WITHIN WHICH THE SPIRITUAL INTERPRETATION OF HISTORY IS POSSIBLE
- The two possible interpretations of history : I. Two negligible interpretations (1. History as a mere aggregation of events. 2. History as the product of supernatural forces.) / II. Interpretations that minimize spiritual elements in history (1. The geographic. 2. The economic) / III. Fundamental criticism of the economic interpretation of history / IV. Facts which the economic interpretation of history minimizes: personality, great men, ideals in social customs, racial pride and jealousy, uneconomic passions, aspirations in art and literature, moral and religious ideals, the independence of conscious motives / V. The limits of a spiritual interpretation of history set by a real world. LECTURE II : SPIRITUAL TENDENCIES IN HISTORY AS A WHOLE - History as social evolution involves tendencies as well as events : I. The tendency of history as a whole seen by a comparison of modern with primitive civilizations. Earliest achievements of mankind. Primitive man. The superiority of men to animals due to personality / II. Tendencies in special epochs (1. Greek history; religion, social life, the Greek soul. 2. Early Christianity. Not due to mere eclecticism or economic class struggles. The messianic hope. Christianity in the Roman Empire. 3. The Protestant Reformation. Economic aspects of its origin. Genuine spiritual forces within) / III. Recent recognition of spiritual forces in historical epochs. Consumption vs. production. LECTURE III : THE SUBSTITUTION OF MORAL FOR PHYSICAL CONTROL - Outline of further argument : I. The reliance upon force as a point of departure. The Reign of Terror an indication of its futility. / II. The general tendency of history in this regard. Customs tend to replace force / III. Conscience as determined by fear of divine force. Ancient codes. The evolution of the Day of Judgment: in the Egyptian religion; in the Babylonian religion / IV. The transition from reliance upon force to moral control seen in the development of religion. Not denied even by persecution. The Christian conception of a God of love. Social ideals as reflected in the development of religion / V. The same transition in the field of law. Force as basis of early law. Roman law. English law. The influence of religion. The change in international attitudes / VI. The present outlook. LECTURE IV : THE GROWING RECOGNITION OF THE WORTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL - The question of freedom one of fact : I. The relation of great men to history. Luther and the Reformers. Other great persons in history / II. The growing personal worth of the individual seen in (1. The passing of slavery. 2. The new position of women. 3. The rights of children. 4. The new care of the aged. 5. The care of the unfit.) / III. The subordination of the economic to the personal values of the individual (1. The case of war. 2. The case of slaves. 3. New recognition of personal worth in the industrial world. The class struggle.) LECTURE V : THE TRANSFORMATION OF RIGHTS INTO JUSTICE - The meaning of "rights" and "justice" : I. The classes of rights (1. The right of property. 2. The rights of women; children; parents; classes) / II. The development of rights into justice as illustrated by the history of England. Magna Charta. The rights of Englishmen pass into the rights of men. The religious origin of the Bills of Rights. The struggle to get rights. The influence of the philosophy of Bentham / III. The development of duties from the recognition of other people's rights. Rights in a democracy. Personal basis of rights / IV. Democracy rather than imperialism makes toward the giving of full justice to individuals (1. The new social interest in extension of rights. 2. The replacement of rights by justice in the case of women—woman in the ancient world; in the Middle Ages; in the eighteenth century; in today's life. 3. The new sense of justice in the industrial world. The labor conflict. The new attitude of corporations. 4. Justice in the new penology) / V. Permanent social welfare comes more certainly from giving justice than from the fight for rights. The Fourth of August, 1789. The self-effacement of the Shogun. The relations of Great Britain and the United States. LECTURE VI : THE SPIRITUAL OPPORTUNITY IN A PERIOD OF RECONSTRUCTION - Summary of the argument : I. God in history. Hegelianism and the philosophy of Lotze / II. The call for idealism. Faith in spiritual forces / III. Loyalty to spiritual values particularly needed in (1. Democracy in which economic elements tend to be over-emphasized. 2. The urging the fundamental principles taught by Jesus) / IV. The opportunity for emphasizing spiritual forces in history are especially seen in three fields (1. Intellectual life. 2. Social reconstruction. 3. Foreign missions) / V. The call of the present day to men of spiritual ambitions. |
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| NS 005 | NS 005 | Livre | Compactus | Livres empruntables | Prêt possible Disponible |
