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| Titre : | The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages : Their Religious, Institutional, and Intellectual Contexts |
| Auteurs : | Edward Grant, Auteur |
| Type de document : | texte imprimé |
| Mention d'édition : | 11th printing |
| Editeur : | Cambridge (GB); New York (USA) : Cambridge University Press, 2011 |
| ISBN/ISSN/EAN : | 978-0-521-56762-6 |
| Format : | xiv + 247 p. |
| Note générale : | 1st ed. (1996) |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Index. décimale : | QV/B (Philosophie du Moyen Âge (10e-14e s.)) |
| Résumé : | Contrary to prevailing opinion, the roots of modern science were planted in the ancient and medieval worlds long before the Scientific Revolution of the seventeenth century. Four essential factors enabled medieval Europe to prepare the way for the new science: translations into Latin of Greek and Arabic scientific texts in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries; the development of universities, which were uniquely Western and used the translations as the basis of a science curriculum; the adjustments of Christianity to secular learning; and the transformation of Aristotle’s natural philosophy. This study reviews the accomplishments of medieval science and also carefully considers how they looked forward to the Scientific Revolution. |
| Note de contenu : |
- Preface - 1. THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE FIRST SIX CENTURIES OF CHRISTIANITY: Christianity and pagan learning / Hexaemeral literature: Christian commentaries on the creation account in Genesis / Christianity and Greco-Roman culture / The state of science and natural philosophy during the first six centuries of Christianity / The seven liberal arts - 2. THE NEW BEGINNING: THE AGE OF TRANSLATION IN THE TWELFTH AND THIRTEENTH CENTURIES: Education and learning in the twelfth century / Latin translations from Arabic and Greek / The translation of the works of Aristotle / The dissemination and assimilation of Aristotle's natural philosophy (The contributions of Greek commentators ; The contributions of Islamic commentators ; Pseudo-Aristotelian works) / Reception of the translations - 3. THE MEDIEVAL UNIVERSITY: Students and masters / Teaching in the arts faculty / The curriculum of the arts faculty (Logic ; The quadrivium ; The three philosophies) The higher faculties of theology and medicine / The social and intellectual role of the university / The manuscript culture of the Middle Ages - 4. WHAT THE MIDDLE AGES INHERITED FROM ARISTOTLE: The terrestrial region: Realm of incessant change / Motion in Aristotle's physics (Natural motion of sublunar bodies ; Violent, or unnatural, motion) / The celestial region: Incorruptible and changeless - 5. THE RECEPTION AND IMPACT OF ARISTOTELIAN LEARNING AND THE REACTION OF THE CHURCH AND ITS THEOLOGIANS: The Condemnation of 1277 (The eternity of the world ; The doctrine of the double truth ; Limitations on God's absolute power) / Two senses of the hypothetical in medieval natural philosophy / The theologian-natural philosophers - 6. WHAT THE MIDDLE AGES DID WITH ITS ARISTOTELIAN LEGACY: The terrestrial region (The causes of motion ; The kinematics of motion) / The celestial region (The three-orb compromise ; The number of total orbs ; Celestial incorruptibility and change; The causes of celestial motion; Does the earth have a daily axial rotation? / The world as a whole, and what may lie beyond (Is the world created or eternal?; On the possible existence of other worlds; Does space or void exist beyond our world?) - 7. MEDIEVAL NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, ARISTOTELIANS, AND ARISTOTELIANISM: The questions literature of the late Middle Ages / Natural philosophy in other literary modes / The cosmos as subject matter of natural philosophy / What is natural philosophy? / The questions in natural philosophy / The techniques and methodologies of natural philosophy / The role of mathematics in natural philosophy / The use of natural philosophy in other disciplines (Theology; Medicine; Music) / Characteristic features of medieval natural philosophy / Aristotelians and Aristotelianism - 8. HOW THE FOUNDATIONS OF EARLY MODERN SCIENCE WERE LAID IN THE MIDDLE AGES: The contextual pre-conditions that made the Scientific Revolution possible (The translations; The universities; The theologian-natural philosophers) / The substantive pre-conditions that made the Scientific Revolution possible (The exact sciences; Natural philosophy: The mother of all sciences; Medieval natural philosophy and the language of science; Medieval natural philosophy and the problems of science; Freedom of inquiry and the autonomy of reason) / On the relationship between medieval and early modern science / On the relationship between early and late medieval science / Greco-Arabic-Latin science: A triumph of three civilizations - Notes - Bibliography - Index |
Exemplaires (1)
| Code-barres | Cote | Support | Localisation | Section | Disponibilité |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QV/B 014 | QV/B 014 | Livre | Compactus | Livres empruntables | Prêt possible Disponible |
