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| Titre : | The Harvest of Medieval Theology : Gabriel Biel and Late Medieval Nominalism |
| Auteurs : | Heiko Augustinus Oberman, Auteur |
| Type de document : | texte imprimé |
| Mention d'édition : | Revised ed. |
| Editeur : | Grand Rapids [USA] : William B. Eerdmans, 1967 |
| Format : | xv + 495 p. |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Index. décimale : | HS/D (Histoire de la théologie: Moyen Âge) |
| Résumé : |
Dr. Oberman offers here a well-balanced, sensitive, and penetrating study that will dispel much of the misunderstanding surrounding medieval nominalism. The basis of his study is a detailed analysis of the works of Cabriel Biel (d. 1495). As a disciple and interpreter of William of Occam, Biel had a profound influence on Martin Luther, as well as on the Counter-Reformation.
This work reopens the discussion of nominalism and mysticism; it treats medieval Mariology extensively; it offers a new approach to Tradition; and it defends the basic "catholicity” of nominalism. It is directed primarily to the historian and the theologian, but it will also interest anyone seriously interested in contemporary ecumenical conversations. THE HARVEST OF MEDIEVAL THEOLOGY, revised by the author and notv issued for the first time in paperback, was the Robert Troup Paine Prize-Treatise for the year 1962. |
| Note de contenu : |
- Introduction CHAPTER ONE: CURRICULUM VITAE GABRIELIS - I. The Early Years / II. Pastor and Frater / III. Professor and Prepositus / IV. Character of Biel’s Sermons / V. Internal Evidence on the Chronology of Biel’s Writings / VI. Biel’s Letter to the Church at Mainz under Interdict CHAPTER TWO: PROLEGOMENA - I. Potentia absoluta and potentia ordinata: 1. Traditional interpretations / 2. Relation of philosophy and theology / 3. Biel’s definition of the two orders - II. The Theological Significance of the Dialectics of God’s Power: Its Significance for Man’s Intellectual Powers: 1. Natural knowledge of God / 2. Faith seeking understanding: ratio de congruo / 3. Double truth excluded 42 - III. The Theological Significance of the Dialectics of God’s Power: Its Significance for Man’s Moral Powers: 1. God’s love and the order de potentia ordinata / 2. Reinterpretation of the misericordia dei / 3. Non-arbitrary character of the ordained order / 4. The relation of misericordia and iustitia / 5. The two eternal decrees of God 46 - IV. The Meaning of the Expression ex puris naturalibus: 1. The status of the viator / 2. God’s preservation of creation / 3. The state of pure nature / 4. Nature and grace / 5. Nominalism: naturalistic? - V. The Philosophical Significance of the Dialectics of God’s “Two Powers”:1. The nominalistic “razor” / 2. Speculative theology / 3. Nominalism: sceptical? / 4. Knowledge and wisdom / 5. The necessity of revelation / 6. “Als/ob” theology / 7. Conclusion CHAPTER THREE: FAITH AND UNDERSTANDING - I. Anthropology: 1. Philosophical and theological anthropology / 2. Nominalistic epistemology / 3. The theology of the viator / 4. Voluntarism and rationalism / 5. Synderesis and conscience / 6. The image of God - II. Faith: Acquired and Infused: 1. Ecclesiastical positivism? / 2. Revelation as information and exhortation / 3. Fides ex auditu / 4. Biblical theology / 5. The inner core of faith / 6. The possibility of apologetics / 7. The middle road between rationalism and positivism / 8. Implicit and explicit faith / 9. The mystery of the Trinity - III. Conclusion CHAPTER FOUR: NATURAL LAW AS DIVINE ORDER - I. The Question de odio dei: 1. The medieval tradition / 2. The position of Biel - II. God and Justice: 1. God’s freedom from the law / 2. The lawfulness of God’s action / 3. The reliability of the moral order too - III. Eternal Law and Natural Law: 1. Natural law as manifestation of eternal law / 2. The significance of the natural law for ethics / 3. The Old Testament character of nominalistic ethics / 4. An appropriate evaluation of the nominalistic position - IV. Moses and Christ: Law and Gospel: 1. The fulfillment of the Old Law / 2. The medieval tradition CHAPTER FIVE: MAN FALLEN AND REDEEMED - I. Doctrine of Sin: 1. The ecclesiological setting of the doctrine of justification / 2.Original sin in the medieval tradition / 3. Biel as an historian of Christian thought / 4. Indomitable concupiscence / 5. Before and after the fall - II. The Proper Disposition for Justification: 1. Inalienable freedom of the will / 2. The doctrine of the jacere quod in se est / 3. First and second justification of the sinner / 4. Extra- and pre-sacramental grace / 5. Nature and grace / 6. The late medieval tradition CHAPTER SIX: THE PROCESS OF JUSTIFICATION - I. Attrition and Contrition: 1. The glory and misery of fallen man / 2. The medieval tradition / 3. Biel’s critique of Scotus / 4. Love of God for God’s sake / 5. An evaluation of attrition / 6. Penance as virtue and as sacrament / 7. The psychological impact of the sacrament of penance - II. Habitus and Acceptatio: 1. The Augustinian simile of horse and rider / 2. The necessity of the habit of grace / 3. A classification of merits / 4. The two stages of justification and the two eternal decrees / 5. The profile of Biel’s doctrine of justification / 6. Bartholomaeus Arnoldi von Usingen on justification / 7. Oscillation between “mercy” and “justice” / 8. Conclusion CHAPTER SEVEN: BETWEEN FEAR AND HOPE: THE RIDDLE OF PREDESTINATION - I. Election and Reprobation: 1. The systematic interrelation of predestination and justification / 2. Two doctrines of predestination in Biel? / 3. Predestination and foreknowledge / 4. Occam and Biel / 5. Biel’s single doctrine of predestination / 6. Nominalistic diversity: the position of Gregory of Rimini / 7. The view of Reinhold Seeberg / 8. The view of Paul Vignaux / 9. Scotus, d’Auriole, Occam: Biel’s contribution / 10. Supralapsarianism rejected - II. Spes and Fiducia: 1. Certainty of grace and certainty of salvation / 2. The rising tide of Donatism: the problem of the wicked priest / 3. Christ’s work of hope and justice / 4. Fiducial certainty / 5. The pro nobis theme: sola fide and sola gratia rejected / 6. Theologia crucis in Gerson and Biel - III. Sola Fide and Sola Gratia in the Theology of Holcot: 1. Sola fide tenetur: Holcot’s scepticism / 2. Sola gratia salvatur: Holcot’s predestinarianism CHAPTER EIGHT: CHRIST AND THE EUCHARIST - I. Nominalism and Chalcedon: 1. The state of scholarship on the question of nominalistic Christology / 2. The development of medieval Christology: Lombard, Thomas, Henry of Ghent, Scotus / 3. The intention of Occam’s asinus-Christology: rejection of the charge of Nestorianism / 4. Biel evaluated in terms of the medieval christological tradition - II. Christus Victor: 1. Medieval understanding of the communicatio idiomatum / 2. Biel’s understanding of the Incarnation: kenosis and extracalvinisticum / 3. Biel’s modification of Anselm: centrality of the life, not the death of Christ / 4. Imitation of the Christus Victor - III. The Two Offerings: The Cross and the Altar: 1. The sacraments linking Christology and justification / 2. The cross as testament; the sacrifice of the Mass as representation / 3. Transubstantiation and the real presence of Christ / 4. Communion as participation in the messianic meal: the problem of non-participation / 5. Critical evaluation of Biel’s position CHAPTER NINE: MARIOLOGY * THE VIRGIN MARY AND GOD - I. Introduction: 1. Distinctive treatments in academic and homiletical works / 2. The Immaculate Conception in the medieval tradition - II. The Mariology of Gregory of Rimini: 1. Gregory between Scripture and tradition / 2. Gregory’s criticism of Scotus / 3. Immaculate Conception rejected - III. Biel’s Defense of the Immaculate Conception: 1. The question of fact / 2. The eternal predestination of Mary / 3. Mariology and the authority of the Church / 4. Biel and Gregory - IV. Maria corredemptrix: 1. The maternity of Mary / 2. The Virgin’s merits and the Incarnation according to the Collectorium / 3. Pelagian Mariology in the sermons / 4. Cooperation in the passion of Christ - V. Mariological Rules: 1.The superlative rule / 2. The comparative rule / 3. The rule of similitude / 4. Merits and granted privileges * THE VIRGIN MARY AND MANKIND - I. Annunciation: 1. The second sanctification / 2. The Virgin as token of restoration - II. Bodily Assumption: Mediation: 1. The Queen of Heaven / 2. Mary’s intercessory task / 3. Death and assumption - III. Fiducia in the Virgin Mary: 1. Greater fiducia in Mary than in Christ / 2. Mary the hope of the world / 3. Mariology graphically presented / 4. Sophia speculations / 5. Evaluation: Maria pro nobis CHAPTER TEN: NOMINALISTIC MYSTICISM - I. Nominalism and Mysticism: 1. The Great Schism as turning point of the Middle Ages / 2. The common thesis: nominalism and mysticism mutually exclusive / 3. The problem of defining mysticism - II. Jean Gerson: Nominalist and Mystic: 1. Gerson’s attitude toward Thomism and nominalism / 2. Penitential mysticism versus transformation mysticism - III. The Mystical Elements in the Theology of Gabriel Biel: 1. Biel in the footsteps of Gerson / 2. Biel’s distinctive contribution: democratization of mysticism / 3. The spirit of the devotio moderna and of observantism / 4. Mystical description of contrition / 5. The birth of Christ in the soul / 6. “Christ-mysticism” as necessary for salvation / 7. Denial of forensic justification / 8. The aristocrats of the Spirit / 9. Conclusion: the marriage of mysticism and nominalism CHAPTER ELEVEN: HOLY WRIT AND HOLY CHURCH - I. Nominalism and Extrascriptural Tradition: 1. Biblicism or ecclesiastical positivism: clashing interpretations / 2. Theses of Paul de Vooght and George Tavard - II. Tradition I and Tradition II: 1. Scripture and Tradition in the early Church / 2. The period of transition: Basil and Augustine / 3. The problem of extrascriptural Tradition: Bradwardine, Wyclif, and Ambrosius of Speier / 4. Both conciliarism and curialism uphold extrascriptural Tradition / 5. The position of Occam: two distinct sources / 6. The position of Pierre d’Ailly: the law of Christ / 7. The position of Gerson: the spirit-guided Church / 8. The position of Breviscoxa: the second source / 9. Tradition I and Tradition II: a fundamental principle of classification - III. Scripture, Tradition, and Church according to Biel: 1. Biel’s adherence to Tradition II / 2. Biel's further contribution to the medieval dilemma / 3. Striking absence of attack on canon lawyers / 4. The hermeneutical problem and tradition / 5. Biel as a forerunner of Trent / 6. A contrast: Wessel Gansfort as upholder of Tradition I - IV. The Pope Between Council and Emperor: 1. The Pope as vicar of Christ / 2. Authority of Pope and Council: considerations / 3. The middle way between papalism and anti-curiali: 4. Corpus christianum - Postscript: THE CATHOLICITY OF NOMINALISM - BIBLIOGRAPHY: Abbreviations and Primary Sources / 1. Periodicals / 2. Collections, editions, and encyclopedias / 3. Primary Sources — General / 4. Primary Sources — Works of Gabriel Biel / Secondary Sources - A nominalistic glossary - Index of names / Index of subjects |
Exemplaires (1)
| Code-barres | Cote | Support | Localisation | Section | Disponibilité |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HS/D 001 | HS/D 001 | Livre | Bibliothèque principale | Livres empruntables | Prêt possible Disponible |
